India, Sept. 11 -- The 2023 report of the Sample Registration System (SRS) marked a watershed moment in India's demography. The total fertility rate (TFR) in rural areas has reached 2.1 for the first time; urban TFR has been less than 2.1 since 2006. TFR is the average number of children a woman has in her lifetime. A value of 2.1 is considered the replacement level fertility. Sustained over a long term, it adds just enough to compensate for deaths. An HT analysis of TFR by wealth level of households as seen in the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS), shows that TFR has been falling for not just richer households (already below 2.1) but even poorer ones. While some northern states continue to have a TFR above 2.1, the trend is unambi...