New Delhi, July 30 -- Summary The International Court of Justice ruled that states have binding legal duties to prevent climate change

Developed nations must support developing countries with finance and technology for climate adaptation and justice

African countries can now seek reparations for climate damage, using the court's strong legal guidance

States continuing fossil fuel extraction without action may violate international law under the court's opinion

The International Court of Justice, the world's highest court, handed down an advisory opinion on July 23, 2025, stating that climate change "imperils all forms of life". This followed a case brought by Vanuatu, a tiny South Pacific island nation threatened by rising sea levels,...