India, Dec. 19 -- Global coal demand has stalled at around 9 billion tonnes a year.

China, which consumes nearly half the world's coal, has seen demand flatten.

Record renewable energy additions are displacing coal in power generation.

Metallurgical coal use has fallen as steelmaking shifts to lower-carbon routes.

Exporters and investors face rising risks as markets turn more volatile.

Global coal demand at about 8.8-9 billion tonnes a year is approaching a turning point as growth stalls worldwide and China, which accounts for nearly half of global thermal and metallurgical coal consumption, flattens its demand through record renewable energy additions.

While coal use has been structurally declining in the United States (US) and Eur...