New Delhi, Sept. 15 -- Pakistan's first military ruler, self-promoted Field Marshal Ayub Khan, emboldened by a large package of US arms and under the delusion that the Indian Army was weak after the 1962 Sino-Indian war, launched Pakistan's second war against India in 1965.

Thanks to American military aid, Pakistan's army had 17-18 tank regiments with about 900 tanks, outnumbering India's 14 tank regiments, which had just over 700 tanks - all of World War II vintage. India's main artillery guns were old 25-pounders and 3.7-inch howitzers. Pakistan, meanwhile, had American-made M114 155mm and M110 203mm howitzers in addition to 25-pounders and 3.7-inch howitzers. Its air force was freshly equipped with US-supplied Sabre jets, while the In...