France, Nov. 14 -- "Everything will be done to prevent any new attack and to ruthlessly punish those who would dare to attempt it," he said at the final commemoration ceremony at the Jardin du 13-Novembre, the new memorial garden opposite City Hall.

"Eighty-five attacks have been foiled in 10 years, including six this year."

Macron said a decade of pressure had weakened Islamic State but warned of a jihadism that was "internal, insidious, less detectable, less predictable".

He said "when terrorists want to strike democracy and freedom, it is France and Paris first and foremost that they target" and added that "the republic has held firm".

He added that "unfortunately, there are no guarantees" attacks will end but insisted that "for th...