New Delhi, Dec. 8 -- Enterprise technology has long rested on a basic assumption: determinism. When a system gets identical inputs, it must yield identical outputs. Business and tech leaders rely on this expectation. Banks can reconcile millions of financial movements and telecom operators can bill subscribers accurately because the software they use behaves in a perfectly predictable manner. This is true across enterprises.

Determinism is not a trivial engineering attribute; it gives regulators assurance, auditors clarity and businesses stability. It is an unspoken contract between organizations and their digital systems. Historically, that contract has been upheld. Large language models (LLMs), however, have begun to stretch this long-...