India, Feb. 11 -- India's digital public sphere is at a defining moment. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the generation and alteration of audio, visual, and audio-visual content, have fundamentally reshaped how information is created, consumed, and trusted. While these technologies expand the possibilities of expression, creativity, and accessibility, they also introduce new risks that touch directly upon individual dignity, social harmony, and constitutional values.

Recognising this, the Union government has strengthened the legal and policy architecture governing digital intermediaries. Recent amendments to the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021, read alo...