India, Jan. 30 -- With an integrated approach, India's cities can unlock growth by fixing distorted land markets, boosting density through infrastructure investments, and shifting from vehicle-centric to people-centric mobility planning, Economic Survey 2025-26, tabled in Parliament on Thursday said.

According to the 2011 census, India is 31% urban. However, the economic survey suggested that India is far more urban in economic and functional terms, noting consensus on measuring urbanisation using data on mobility, labour markets, density, built-up areas, and night-time light.

The survey also noted India's urban population has expanded rapidly in absolute terms, with large metropolitan regions such as Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Chennai, ...