Chandigarh, Jan. 4 -- Emphasising the need to strengthen India's military and national security apparatus amid hi-tech warfare and threats, Lt Gen Raj Shukla (retd) said that civil-military fusion has become imperative.

A discussion on Lt Gen Shukla's book 'Civil Military Fusion as a Metric of National Power and Comprehensive Security' was held at the Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial Development (CRRID), Sector 19, on Saturday. The book was released in October 2025 by defence minister Rajnath Singh.

In his book, Lt Gen Shukla argues that civil military fusion (CMF) is a strategic imperative for India's national security. In a conversation with Lt Gen KJ Singh (retd), he explained how integrating the military with civilian sec...