India, Oct. 31 -- You recently presented data on Minicircle-based CAR-T cells at the CAR-TCR Summit in Boston. What makes Minicircles such a breakthrough for gene and cell therapy?

Minicircles represent the logical next step in non-viral gene transfer. Traditional plasmids contain bacterial backbone sequences-origins of replication, antibiotic resistance genes, and other elements that are not only unnecessary for therapy but can also compromise safety and performance. Minicircles remove these bacterial sequences entirely, leaving only the therapeutic expression cassette in a small, supercoiled DNA molecule.

This design has profound advantages: higher transfection efficiency, stronger and more stable expression, and significantly lower c...