Jakarta, May 2 -- The garbage landslide at Leuwigajah Landfill, West Java, which killed 157 people in 2005, left a deep scar on the Indonesian nation.

After the catastrophic incident, the government issued Law Number 18 of 2008 on Waste Management to push for better waste management and to reduce waste generation.

Two decades after the landslide and 17 years since the law was enacted, waste management in Indonesia remains suboptimal. Waste generation continues to rise alongside population growth, with significant leakage into the sea and other environments, creating microplastics that are harmful to health.

According to the National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN) of the Ministry of Environment, waste generation in 2024 rea...