ALEXANDRIA, Va., June 17 -- United States Patent no. 12,316,789, issued on May 27, was assigned to TOYOTA JIDOSHA K.K. (Toyota, Japan) and SCALAR INC. (Tokyo).

"Data management apparatus and data management method" was invented by Naoki Yamamuro (Nagoya, Japan) and Wataru Fukatsu (Tokyo).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "When a second operation to simultaneously update component data D12 to component data D13 and update component data D21 to component data D22 is performed, a controller of a client server creates a record RA3 including a hash value of the component data D13 in a distributed ledger which is a first proof chain and creates a record RB2 including a hash value of the component data D...