ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 3 -- United States Patent no. 12,543,213, issued on Feb. 3, was assigned to TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL) (Stockholm).

"Determination of PRACH occasions and PUSCH occasions for 2-step random access" was invented by Jan Christoffersson (Lulea, Sweden), Min Wang (Lulea, Sweden), Stephen Grant (Pleasanton, Calif.), Robert Mark Harrison (Grapevine, Texas), Zhipeng Lin (Nanjing, China), Johan Rune (Lidingo, Sweden) and Johan Axnas (Solna, Sweden).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Operation in unlicensed spectrum requires Clear Channel Assessment (CCA), where a transmitter must monitor the channel before transmitting, to ensure it is free. An exception is a brief gap that...