ALEXANDRIA, Va., Nov. 6 -- United States Patent no. 12,463,404, issued on Nov. 4, was assigned to SONY GROUP Corp. (Tokyo).

"Vertical cavity surface emitting laser element, vertical cavity surface emitting laser element array, vertical cavity surface emitting laser module, and method of producing vertical cavity surface emitting laser element" was invented by Tomomasa Watanabe (Tokyo), Hiroshi Nakajima (Tokyo) and Mikihiro Yokozeki (Tokyo).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Provided is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser element that includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first DBR layer, and a second DBR layer. The first substrate is formed of a first material and includes an acti...