ALEXANDRIA, Va., Sept. 30 -- United States Patent no. 12,433,167, issued on Sept. 30, was assigned to Seiko Epson Corp. (Tokyo).

"Piezoelectric element, droplet dispensing head, actuator, and vibrator" was invented by Kazuya Kitada (Nagano, Japan), Koji Ohashi (Nagano, Japan), Yasuaki Hamada (Nagano, Japan) and Yoshiki Yano (Nagano, Japan).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A piezoelectric element includes: a first electrode formed at a vibration plate; a seed layer formed at the first electrode; a piezoelectric film containing potassium, sodium, and niobium and formed at the seed layer; and a second electrode formed at the piezoelectric film. The piezoelectric film contains lithium and one or mor...