ALEXANDRIA, Va., Oct. 28 -- United States Patent no. 12,453,562, issued on Oct. 28, was assigned to S.M.A.I.O. (Saint Priest, France).

"Robotic spine surgery system" was invented by Jean-Charles Roussouly (Poleymieux Au Mont d'Or, France).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The disclosed spine surgery system includes preoperative mapping data relating to a patient vertebra, a vertebral localization element having a mating surface specific to the patient able to be coupled to the vertebra in a unique fixed position and a three-dimensional optical marker, a robot including a movable arm and carrying an end effector member, an optical sensor device at least partially carried by the end effector member...