ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 31 -- United States Patent no. 12,509,405, issued on Dec. 30, was assigned to ROLLS-ROYCE plc (London).

"Method of forming protective coating and coated article comprising protective coating" was invented by Dmitrii I Ushmaev (Sterlitamak, Russia), Zhirong Liao (Fujian province, China), Dragos A Axinte (Nottingham, Great Britain), Andrew D Norton (Derby, Great Britain), James Kell (Nottingham, Great Britain) and Artem Bogatyrev (Bykovo, Russia).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A method of forming a protective coating includes providing a substrate including a major surface. The method further includes providing a top coat layer adjacent to the major surface of the substrate...