ALEXANDRIA, Va., Oct. 21 -- United States Patent no. 12,441,108, issued on Oct. 14, was assigned to RICOH COMPANY LTD. (Tokyo).

"Liquid discharge head, liquid discharge device, liquid discharge apparatus, method for manufacturing liquid discharge head" was invented by Naoko Kitaoka (Kanagawa, Japan) and Makoto Tanaka (Tokyo).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle from which a liquid is to be discharged; a pressure chamber communicating with the nozzle; a substrate defining a side wall the pressure chamber; a diaphragm having a surface on the substrate, the diaphragm defining a part of a wall of the pressure chamber and a part of the nozzle; and a piezoelectric...