ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 26 -- United States Patent no. 12,257,015, issued on March 25, was assigned to Panda Surgical Ltd. (London).

"Robotic surgical systems having handheld controllers for releasably coupling interchangeable dexterous end-effectors" was invented by Keshav Iyengar (London), George Dwyer (London), Emmanouil Dimitrakakis (London) and Dimitrios Psychogyios (London).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Handheld surgical systems having an adjustable, ergonomic handheld controller and a series of interchangeable surgical instruments with dexterous, end-effectors for performing a surgical procedure, e.g., removing brain tumor tissue from confined spaces, and methods of use thereof are disc...