ALEXANDRIA, Va., Aug. 12 -- United States Patent no. 12,385,871, issued on Aug. 12, was assigned to MURATA MANUFACTURING Co. LTD. (Kyoto, Japan).

"Reference electrode for electrochemical measurement" was invented by Keisei Sowa (Nagaokakyo, Japan).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A reference electrode for electrochemical measurement includes a substrate, an electrode portion on the substrate, and an ion-sensitive film covering the electrode portion and including an inorganic salt and an organic substance. The electrode portion and the inorganic salt include an anion of the same element. In a top view of the electrode portion, the maximum shortest distance from any point in the electrode portion ...