ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 9 -- United States Patent no. 12,491,364, issued on Dec. 9, was assigned to Medtronic Ireland Manufacturing UnLtd. Co. (Dublin).

"Monitoring of neuromodulation using biomarkers" was invented by Ayala Hezi-Yamit (Windsor, Calif.), Rudy A. Beasley (Rohnert Park, Calif.), Susan Thornton Edwards (Santa Rosa, Calif.), Lori Garcia (Santa Rosa, Calif.), Michele Lee Silver (Hamden, Conn.), Christopher W. Storment (Sonoma, Calif.), Carol M. Sullivan (Litchfield Park, Ariz.), Joseph A. Traina (Napa, Calif.) and Stefan Stoyanov Tunev (Santa Rosa, Calif.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Provided herein are methods, devices, compositions, and kits for monitoring neuromodulation efficac...