ALEXANDRIA, Va., Feb. 5 -- United States Patent no. 12,218,818, issued on Feb. 4, was assigned to Juniper Networks Inc. (Sunnyvale, Calif.).

"Multicast liveness detection" was invented by Venkata Srikanth Gandiboyina (Cupertino, Calif.), Saravanan Deenadayalan (San Jose, Calif.), Swamy Sadashivaiah Renu Kananda (Tracy, Calif.), Nishant Sharma (Cupertino, Calif.) and Vikram P. Rautela (Morgan Hill, Calif.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "In some implementations, a first packet forwarding device (PFD) may obtain a probe packet. The first PFD may replicate the probe packet forming multiple copies of the probe packet. The first PFD may transmit, to the first PFD and to multiple other PFDs, the mult...