ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 2 -- United States Patent no. 12,484,977, issued on Dec. 2, was assigned to INTUITIVE SURGICAL OPERATIONS INC. (Sunnyvale, Calif.).

"Systems and methods of controlling instruments" was invented by Gabriel F. Brisson (Livermore, Calif.), J. Scot Hart (San Carlos, Calif.) and Brian D. Soe (Oakland, Calif.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Systems and methods of controlling instruments include first and second actuators configured to actuate a degree of freedom (DOF) in first and second directions using respective transmission mechanisms and a control unit. The control unit is configured to determine positions of the first and second actuators; determine an actuation command b...