ALEXANDRIA, Va., Oct. 21 -- United States Patent no. 12,445,185, issued on Oct. 14, was assigned to Huawei Technologies'Co.'Ltd.' (Shenzhen, China).

"Null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame indication" was invented by Michael Montemurro (Kanata, Canada), Jung Hoon Suh (Kanata, Canada), Osama Aboul-Magd (Kanata, Canada), Stephen McCann (Kanata, Canada), Yan Xin (Kanata, Canada) and Kwok Shum Au (Kanata, Canada).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The present disclosure provides methods and apparatus related to NDPA frame indication. An aspect of the disclosure provides a method. The method includes sending, to one or more stations (STAs), a request for channel state information (CSI). The request...