ALEXANDRIA, Va., June 25 -- United States Patent no. 12,340,436, issued on June 24, was assigned to Google LLC (Mountain View, Calif.).

"Item validation based on visually imperceptible waterpark decoding" was invented by Dake He (Waterloo, Canada), Tianhao Zhang (Sunnyvale, Calif.), Elnaz Barshan Tashnizi (Toronto), Xiyang Luo (Mountain View, Calif.), Huiwen Chang (Cambridge, Mass.), Feng Yang (Sunnyvale, Calif.) and Ryan Matthew Haggarty (Kitchener, Canada).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for detecting and decoding a visually imperceptible or perceptible watermark. A watermark detection apparatus...