ALEXANDRIA, Va., July 23 -- United States Patent no. 12,364,541, issued on July 22, was assigned to FVRVS Ltd. (London).

"Virtual reality surgical training systems" was invented by Ian Hew Crowther (Edgware, Great Britain) and Victoria Jane Smalley (London).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and software for providing a virtual environment with enhanced visual textures and haptic detail. In some embodiments, a texture atlas and UV mapping is used to render virtual objects having multiple textures that can be manipulated in real time. In some cases, UV coordinates are used to provide enhanced haptic detail."

The patent was filed on Oct. 31, 2023, under Applic...