ALEXANDRIA, Va., Sept. 17 -- United States Patent no. 12,415,944, issued on Sept. 16, was assigned to Evonik Operations GmbH (Essen, Germany).

"Use of nanoparticle compositions as heat transfer fluids in battery or other electrical equipment systems" was invented by Ulrich Fischer (Mombris, Germany), Daniel NeB (Hanau, Germany), Stephan Wieber (Karlsruhe, Germany), Michael Gerhard Hagemann (Shanghai), Gunter Schmitt (Darmstadt, Germany), Stefan Heberer (Offenbach, Germany), Jennifer Schrantz (Wendelsheim, Germany) and Can Metehan Turhan (Dieburg, Germany).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The invention relates to the use of a nanoparticle composition as a heat transfer fluid in battery or other e...