ALEXANDRIA, Va., Oct. 21 -- United States Patent no. 12,444,603, issued on Oct. 14, was assigned to Eugenus Inc. (San Jose, Calif.).

"Smooth titanium nitride layers and methods of forming the same" was invented by Sung-Hoon Jung (Santa Clara, Calif.), Niloy Mukherjee (San Ramon, Calif.), Hee Seok Kim (Seongnam, South Korea), Kyu Jin Choi (Seongnam, South Korea), Moonsig Joo (Suwon, South Korea), Hae Young Kim (San Jose, Calif.), Yoshikazu Okuyama (Santa Cruz, Calif.), Nariman Naghibolashrafi (San Jose, Calif.), Bunsen B. Nie (Fremont, Calif.) and Somilkumar J. Rathi (San Jose, Calif.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The disclosed technology generally relates to forming a titanium nitride layer,...