ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 23 -- United States Patent no. 12,506,408, issued on Dec. 23, was assigned to COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES (Paris), INSTITUT NATIONAL DES SCIENCES APPLIQUEES DE LYON (Villeurbanne, France), CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (Paris), UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD LYON I (Villeurbanne, France) and ECOLE CENTRALE DE LYON (Ecully, France).

"Converting an input DC voltage into an output dc voltage having a predetermined value using batteries" was invented by Gael Pillonnet (Grenoble, France), Bruno Allard (Villeurbanne, France), Carlos-Augusto Berlitz (Grenoble, France) and Sami Oukassi (Grenoble, France).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "...