ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 19 -- United States Patent no. 12,252,753, issued on March 18, was assigned to Charm Industrial Inc. (San Francisco).

"Systems and methods for self-reduction of iron ore" was invented by Peter Reinhardt (San Francisco) and Brian Jamieson (Brighton, Colo.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Disclosed herein, in some aspects, are systems and methods for producing a material comprising iron through self-reduction of iron ore using bio-oil and/or other reducing agents (e.g., bio-based reducing agents), such as biocrude, ethanol, or other bio-based liquids or biologically sourced liquids. The bio-oil and/or other reducing agents can be mixed with the iron ore to form a furnace mi...