ALEXANDRIA, Va., June 16 -- United States Patent no. 12,306,256, issued on May 20, was assigned to Caterpillar Inc. (Peoria, Ill.).

"Sensor with self supplied negative rail for battery pack measurement" was invented by Jose D. Miranda (Peoria, Ill.) and Jason Lee Miller (Princeville, Ill.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A battery management system configured to couple to at least one battery module, the battery management system includes a contact configured to couple between the at least one battery module and a machine, a sensor configured to sense an electrical parameter of the at least one battery module, and a control circuit configured to receive an output of the sensor and determine a v...