ALEXANDRIA, Va., June 17 -- United States Patent no. 12,313,346, issued on May 27, was assigned to ACTIVE ENERGY SYSTEMS (Knoxville, Tenn.).

"Direct-contact heat exchange thermal energy storage system" was invented by Mitchell Ishmael (Oak Ridge, Tenn.), Levon Atoyan (Knoxville, Tenn.), Ronald Kwok (Oak Ridge, Tenn.), Sonya Sokhey (Knoxville, Tenn.), Jesse Buckley (Knoxville, Tenn.), John Cadotte (Knoxville, Tenn.) and Lucas Mihlbachler (Knoxville, Tenn.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A thermal energy storage system having a thermal storage tank configured to hold a thermal storage media and a working fluid, an inlet in fluid communication with a liquid distributor disposed at the bottom of t...