ALEXANDRIA, Va., Nov. 18 -- United States Patent no. 12,474,246, issued on Nov. 18.

"Automated turf testing apparatus and system for using same" was invented by Jeff Crandall (Charlottesville, Va.), Richard Kent (Keswick, Va.), Edward Meade Spratley (Charlottesville, Va.), Jared Yoder (Aroda, Va.), Thomas Cisneros (Petaluma, Calif.), Philipe Aldahir (Chattanooga, Tenn.) and Jeff Lipari (Petaluma, Calif.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A mobile apparatus that is automated to measure controlled and applied forces and moments to sport surfaces allowing for performance and safety assessment of athletic apparel and athletic surfaces, such as natural or artificial turf. The apparatus is capable of u...