Dhaka, Nov. 23 -- By Professor Dr. Ahmad Kamruzzaman Majumder

The ninth day of COP30 was particularly significant, with political tensions, social resistance and hints at a future deal. Criticism has grown over the conference's "exclusion zone" for indigenous protesters. This year, hundreds of industry and agricultural lobbyists have also been actively involved in high-level political discussions. For the first time, the draft of a potential final agreement includes the "phase-out" of fossil fuels, a move that many countries see as a positive development. Ministers from more than 80 countries, including Sierra Leone, Kenya and Germany, called for a roadmap for phasing out fossil fuels. Even the UK's Energy Secretary, Ed Miliband, strongl...