Egypt, Dec. 1 -- Khaled* sits in the corner of a waiting room with his UN Refugee Agency registration card in one hand and a little plastic bag full of empty medication packets in the other. This is his third visit to a Doctors Without Borders/Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) clinic in Aswan governorate in southern Egypt, where he receives treatment for his chronic illness.

"We had a comfortable life in Sudan and leaving it was very difficult," Khaled says. He is one of the 1.5 million Sudanese people living in Egypt, many of whom crossed after the recent war started in 2023.

Originally from Jezirah, Sudan, he now lives with his family in Daraw, a little town in the Egyptian governorate of Aswan, after being internally displaced in Sudan ...