India, Nov. 26 -- India is quietly creating something that even advanced economies are trying to understand: a nationwide Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) that acts like a national digital operating system.

Aadhaar, UPI, DigiLocker, account aggregators, and Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) are not standalone platforms; they are part of a cohesive digital foundation that works together seamlessly.

These interoperable systems manage identity, money, and data with the efficiency of well-designed public goods. Together, they form India Stack, a modular architecture that reduces friction, democratises access, and encourages innovation.

But the truth often gets overlooked.

The government established the infrastructure, but ventur...