'11 census flagged wide literacy gap among girls, boys
Jaipur, May 2 -- "Both my sons will get good jobs which will help our household while my wife would get a helping hand in house chores with two daughters," said Sarita and Vinita's father, one of the residents of Gambhira village which is one of the 77 villages in Malarna Doongar tehsil that reported the largest literacy gap between men and women in the 2011 census.
While both sisters passed the school final with Arts stream from the local government senior secondary school after which they were never pushed for higher education, Kamlesh Meena's sons finished their schooling in Science stream from a prominent private school in Gambhira village. Vinod (25) is preparing for a government job and Deepak (16) is preparing for Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) in the Sawai Madhopur city.
"Dono beta achha kaam karega to ghar pe mera madat ho jayga. Par ladkiyon se keya ? Unki to shaadi karwana hi padega. Ab thodi padi-leekhi nahi hogi to ajkaal shaadi bhi nahi hoti hai. (My both sons will get good jobs which will help our household. However, the girls will have to get married. The girls have been educated little bit as without it noone would marry them)," Kamlesh said while sitting at the front step of his house wearing a white vest with reddish hair, hands on knee. The eldest daughter Vinita (22) will be married off to a government job aspirant next month while he is also finding a good match for the younger one, Sarita (21).
"I wanted them to study further. But, they were not much interested in study. We are not so rich that would send all the four children to private schools, and afford their higher education in the city. Yes, the private schools here are better and I sent my sons there. They would be able to earn good while my wife would get a helping hand in house chores with two daughters," he said.
Gambhira is one of the 77 villages under the Malarna Doongar tehsil in Rajasthan's Sawai Madhopur. According to the data from the 2011 Census, Malarna Doongar tehsil has the largest literacy gap between men and women.
The average literacy is 60.79%. But 78.79% of the males are literate, with only 41.03% for women, a difference of 37.75 percentage points. In fact, an analysis of the top five tehsils with such a difference in India shows that all five are in Rajasthan, with three in Sawai Madhopur district alone, as per the data collected from Census 2011.
In terms of districts with such a large difference in literacy rates between men and women, eight of the top 10 districts (with Sawai Madhopur the highest) are in the state. The only two exceptions in the top 10 are Ramban in Jammu, and Nuh in Haryana.
Meanwhile, Rajasthan's overall gap between male and female literacy rate was 27.07% with the former having 79.19% and the latter having 52.12%, as per the 2011 census.
Though the latest sex ratio of literacy is yet not available due to lack of a further census, the number of girls going to the schools has increased consistently over the years, indicating a possible growth in women's literacy rate as well, as per the ASER report analysis over the last few years.
Principal of the Gambhira Government Senior Secondary School Banwari Lal Meena said that the infrastructures are being improved in the school but it is an "urban mindset" due to which the parents in the rural villages have also started preferring the private schools over the government ones.
"We agree that the government schools are currently not in a condition where they can't compete with the private schools. But we have always performed better than the private schools in the board examinations. Yet, the parents only think that the private schools are the ones that may provide their children with a quality education, teach good manners and other etiquettes. This is all about an urban mindset that is emerging in the rural area these days," Meena said.
If anybody steps inside the large iron gate of the Gambhira Government Senior Secondary School, a woman teacher would be seen demonstrating a globe on the ground outside the classrooms. The school has only eight classrooms and 20 teachers while many classrooms also don't have power supply.
The condition is not so different in the schools in Jolanda and Taranpur - two other villages under Malarna Doongar where we visited.
"The central government gave a target to Rajasthan achieve 100% women literacy by 2028. The government is working towards this goal. We have identified about 80 Lakh girls who are illiterate in the state and are putting effort to bring them in the schools and provide with basic education," education minister Madan Dilawar said....
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