Adaptive yoga: A practice beyond the perfect pose
India, June 21 -- Parks and public grounds across the country are set for mass yoga sessions today. But beyond the rows of mats and synchronised stretches, a more inclusive practice is gaining ground: adaptive yoga.
This style of yoga adapts traditional asanas to make them accessible to everyone, especially individuals with physical, sensory, or cognitive disabilities. The focus here is not on perfect form but on feeling steady, supported, and at ease. Social media has fuelled this change. Modified routines, seated practices, and sensory-friendly tutorials - for those with sensory sensitivities such as autism or anxiety - are now widely available online on social media platforms.These are often shared by the very teachers who practice this form of yoga.
Arpita Roy, a Kolkata-based yoga teacher, lost her leg in a road accident as a teenager in 2006. During recovery, she started physical exercises to stay fit and manage her weight, which helped her move more freely with an artificial limb.
She fell in love with yoga in 2015 after a long personal struggle. It wasn't easy, as many poses require flexible joints and strong knees. "It felt like climbing a mountain," says Arpita, adding, "I started with simple stretches and moved forward slowly."
By 2019, she had learnt every major pose and trained as a yoga instructor. Arpita's sessions focus on breathing and balance, using props and gentle guidance to help each student move with comfort and confidence. Some of the adaptive poses include shirshasana (headstand), virabhadrasana (warrior pose), and even surya namaskar (sun salutation). "Yoga is not about how a pose looks. It is about how it feels on the inside," she says.
Her students say her classes have changed their lives. Dr Anupama Gupta, who lost both legs in an accident while saving someone, found the confidence through yoga. "I had doubts about my body. Yoga gave me hope. I felt seen and like I belonged," she says.
Gulfam Ahmed, a Delhi-based yoga teacher and national para powerlifting champion, began using yoga in 2021 to support his Paralympics training. After contracting polio as a child, he turned to powerlifting for strength and later to yoga for calm, focus, and recovery. He firmly believes yoga helps relieve both mental and physical stress. "If the mind is steady, the body is stronger," he says.
Now, Gulfam works with students with disabilities that limit their mobility and motor functions. "Everybody is different," he says, adding, "We adjust the pose based on the person's ability and what feels safe for them."
He is representing India at the World Para Powerlifting Cup in Beijing this year and plans to perform yoga there too....
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