Pakistan, Feb. 28 -- The essential flows of the Indus River, including environmental flows, are vital for the survival of urban and rural areas, as well as forests, freshwater ecosystems, agriculture, and the deltaic system in downstream Sindh. These flows sustain major cities such as Karachi, Sukkur, Larkana, Khairpur, Benazirabad, Hyderabad, Mirpur Khas, Sanghar, and Thatta.

Yet, few truly grasp the urgency of this crisis, despite its direct connection to food security, livelihoods, and economic stability for a rapidly growing population.

Climate Change, Population Growth, and Changing Landscapes

Rising temperatures and climate change are accelerating glacial melt in the Himalayas, altering the Indus River's flow and increasing the r...