Pakistan, July 4 -- Pakistan stands among the world's most vulnerable nations to the devastating effects of climate change. Despite contributing less than 1 per cent to global greenhouse gas emissions, it faces disproportionate consequences from a warming planet. The country is grappling with increasing environmental degradation, melting glaciers, erratic and extreme weather patterns, searing heatwaves, and recurring floods that collectively threaten its economy, agriculture, health, water resources, and infrastructure.

Over the past two decades, Pakistan has suffered economic losses estimated at nearly $100 billion due to climate-related disasters and shifts, an amount alarmingly close to its total external debt of approximately $130 bi...