Pakistan, July 23 -- Recent advancements in missile technology, extended ranges, and frequent testing indicate that India is moving beyond its declared nuclear posture. The development of long-range ballistic missiles, ICBMs, and submarine-launched systems reflects a shift away from minimum deterrence toward greater strategic dominance and deliberate ambiguity in its nuclear policy. While the official doctrine still emphasizes No First Use (NFU) and Credible Minimum Deterrence (CMD), scale and sophistication of India's strategic weapons development suggest a shift toward a more flexible and more aggressive nuclear stance.

Likewise, according to the SIPRI report India is among the world's largest arms importers accounting for 8.3 percent ...