Dar es Salaam, June 16 -- IN the forthcoming days, particularly throughout the general election season for October 2025, it is probable that numerous social scientists and political enthusiasts will concur with my perspective on the political parties that, by the stipulations established by the Registrar of Political Parties in Tanzania, are permitted to pursue their political aims and remain faithful to their foundational principles.

Defections, party switches, resignations and new party memberships will all occur during the same season. Is it possible to read those involved as acts of patriotism, selfishness, or some other motive? That is an important subject to consider, given that any move has an outcome.

The phenomenon of shifting ...