DODOMA, Dec. 29 -- BEFORE various regions of Tanzania began experiencing rainfall, widespread concern had emerged in several densely populated areas due to acute water shortages. Extended periods of dry weather had caused water levels in rivers, reservoirs and other water sources to decline sharply, leaving many communities struggling to meet their daily water needs.

Among the most affected were residents of Dar es Salaam, the countrys commercial capital, where the scarcity of water created significant social and economic pressures. In Dar es Salaam, the impact was particularly severe on women and girls, who traditionally bear the primary responsibility for domestic water collection. Many had to spend long hours standing in queues, often...