Jakarta, March 25 -- Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Cultural Affairs Muhadjir Effendy has stressed that human resource development programs must be conducted in a sustainable manner, from upstream to downstream.

"Human resources development cannot be done separately; it has to be pursued in a sustainable manner from the upstream - that being the first 1,000 days of life - all the way to the downstream, which is the elderly people," the minister expounded here on Friday.

To build human resources of good quality, one can adopt the human capital life cycle approach, he said.

The cycle includes five phases, those being pregnancy or the first 1,000 days of life and toddlerhood; students or mid-level education; university st...