ALEXANDRIA, Va., June 17 -- United States Patent no. 12,317,741, issued on May 27, was assigned to Kaunas University of Technology (Kaunas, Lithuania) and EPFL-Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (Lausanne, Switzerland).

"Photovoltaic devices containing cyclobutane-based hole transporting materials" was invented by Vytautas Getautis (Kaunas, Lithuania), Kasparas Rakstys (Kaunas, Lithuania), Maryte Daskeviciene (Jonava, Lithuania), Sarune Daskeviciute-Geguziene (Jonava, Lithuania), Yi Zhang (Sion, Switzerland) and Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin (Ecublens, Switzerland).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "The teachings herein pertain to hole transporting compounds containing a cyclobutyl moiety...