ALEXANDRIA, Va., Oct. 8 -- United States Patent no. 12,436,520, issued on Oct. 7, was assigned to International Business Machines Corp. (Armonk, N.Y.).

"Method and system of three-dimensional printing to prepare surface for gripping of subsequent layers" was invented by Fang Lu (Billerica, Mass.), Jeremy R. Fox (Georgetown, Texas), Tushar Agrawal (West Fargo, N.D.) and Sarbajit K. Rakshit (Kolkata, India).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A system for layer-by-layer three-dimensional (3D) printing of a 3D printed object. The system includes a printing component configured to print a plurality of layers to form the 3D printed object, a surface modification component configured to be co-operable wi...