Thiruvananthapuram, Jan. 21 -- Some of the most consequential cyber operations underway today do not look like attacks at all. They cause no immediate disruption, trigger no alarms and may remain invisible for years.

Their strategic value lies not in what they do at the moment, but in what they quietly make possible. Modern cyber conflict, security analysts say, is increasingly prepared long before it is ever revealed.

"This reality came sharply into focus with the widely reported Lebanon pager incident. Communication devices that appeared simple, benign and technologically unremarkable were later activated in a coordinated manner, causing physical harm without any indication of real-time hacking," K.S. Manoj, a cyber-physical systems sec...