India, May 6 -- Asthma is one of the most common diseases, affecting about 3.5 crore people in India. It occurs across all age groups, including children. Although it is a global condition, it is often understood very differently in India. It is commonly referred to by local names such as 'dama', 'saans ki beemari', 'chest swelling' or even 'purana jukam-khansi', and sometimes linked to 'thand lagna' (cold exposure). There are several traditional beliefs - often misconceptions - about asthma. Some older generations view it as a matter of 'fate', 'weak lungs from birth' or even the result of 'karma' (past deeds). Similarly, many common assumptions about food or environmental triggers are not medically accurate. For instance, 'night air', 'dahi', ice cream or refrigerated water are not the causes of asthma. What is often overlooked is that asthma is a hereditary condition in which airway inflammation and attacks are frequently triggered by environmental allergens. These include mites, cockroaches, mould, dust, fumes, vapours, perfumes, cooking smoke and even pets. Stress, anxiety and obesity are also important risk factors. Asthma is primarily managed with inhalational therapy, including anti-inflammatory corticosteroids and bronchodilators. However, several misconceptions and stigmas surround inhalers - such as the belief that they are addictive or habit-forming; are used only in the last stage of the disease, or they make patients fat or weak. Another common myth is that asthma is contagious. Social stigma can also lead to concerns around marriage, especially for women. As per current international standards, asthma management should focus not only on controlling acute symptoms but also on maintenance therapy to prevent future risks. The author of this article is an MBBS, DNB, DM (pulmonary and critical care medicine, PGI Chandigarh); FCCP, and consultant pulmonologist at Jindal Clinics, Centre for Interventional Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, SCO 21, Sector 20-D, Chandigarh, who can be contacted at 958-246-9429...